Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders and Some of Its Risk Factors, According to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD)

Abbas Haghighat1, Minoo Salavati2*, Maryam Haghighat2, Shaqayeq Ramezanzade2 and Amirhossein Ranjbar2

1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Implant Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Iran
2Department of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran

^*Correspondance to: Minoo Salavati 

 PDF  Full Text DOI: 10.25107/2474-1647.2784

Abstract

Introduction: After odontogenic pain, Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) are the most important causes of pain in the oral and maxillofacial region. Generally, it is believed that biological, psychological and social factors reduce the adaptive capacity of the masticatory system resulting in TMD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of TMD and some of its common risk factors including anxiety, depression and oral parafunctions in girls aged 15 to 18 years old in Isfahan. Materials and Methods: 15 educational centers were randomly selected in Isfahan, Iran. A total of 311 female high school students between aged 15 and 18 years old were randomly assigned to participate in this study and parts of both Axis I (including personal information, pain screening and symptoms) and Axis II (including PHQ-4 for Depression and Anxiety and OBC for Oral Behavior Checklist) from the DC/TMD was distributed among students. Result: Of the students participating in this study with an average age of 16.38 years, the prevalence of TMD was 28.3%, the mean age was 16.38. The frequency of anxiety level (mild, moderate and severe) in the population was 59.4%. There was a significant correlation between TMD and students' anxiety levels. Likewise, the percentage of depression level (mild, moderate and severe) in the studied population was estimated to be 54.9% and there was a significant relationship between TMD and depression level in students. The prevalence of oral parafunctions (mild, moderate and severe) is the studied population was 88.1% and there was a significant correlation between the presence of TMD and the level of oral parafunctions among students. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested a high prevalence of TMD among young females and we found a significant correlation between TMD and psychological factors, (such as anxiety and depression), as well as oral parafunctions.

Keywords

Prevalence; Temporomandibular disorders; Anxiety; Depression; DC/TMD questionnaire

Cite the article

Haghighat A, Salavati M, Haghighat M, Ramezanzade S, Ranjbar A. Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders and Some of Its Risk Factors, According to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Clin Surg. 2020; 5: 2784.