
Journal Basic Info
- Impact Factor: 2.395**
- H-Index: 8
- ISSN: 2474-1647
- DOI: 10.25107/2474-1647
Major Scope
- Emergency Surgery
- Obstetrics Surgery
- Gynecological Surgery
- Colon and Rectal Surgery
- Robotic Surgery
- Gastroenterological Surgery
- Urology
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Abstract
Citation: Clin Surg. 2021;6(1):3219.Research Article | Open Access
Impact of Varicocele and Varicocele Surgery on Semen Quality, Erectile Function, and Serum Hormone Levels
Badereddin Mohamad Al-Ali, Emma Persad and Klaus Eredics
Department of Urology, Hanusch Hospital, Austria
Karl Landsteiner University for Health Sciences, Austria
Department of Urology, Donauspital Vienna, Austria
*Correspondance to: Badereddin Mohamad Al-Al
PDF Full Text DOI: 10.25107/2474-1647.3219
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of our study was to analyze the impact of varicocele and varicocele surgery on testosterone level, semen quality, and erectile function.
Methods: Our study included 265 infertile males with varicocele. Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 (193) patients who did not receive surgery, Group 2 (72 patients) who were operated on according to the Palomo procedure and Group 3 (28 patients), who acted as a control group without a varicocele. All patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function IIEF-5 (German version) and underwent semen analysis. Serum testosterone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) were measured at inclusion into the study and after surgery.
Results: The IIEF-5 scores in groups 1 and 2 were 21.01 ± 2.2; and 21.74 ± 1 respectively, and the resulting t-test for equality of variance was significant (p<0.0001). Total testosterone level in groups 1 and 2 were 3.16 ± 0.37, and 3 ± 0.01 respectively, and the resulting t-test for equality of variance was significant (p<0.0001). The results of the semen analysis were better in group 2 (after surgery) (37.5%, p<0.001) in comparison to Group 1. Interestingly, pre-operative serum testosterone levels were lower in patients with later improvement of semen analysis (p=0.05). Body mass index (p=0.8), pre-operative serum FSH (p=0.9), LH (p=0.2), were similar in both groups.
Conclusion: Semen quality improved in 37.5% of our patients after varicocele surgery. Erectile dysfunction improved partly after varicocele surgery. Moreover, these improvements are not necessarily correlated. Our study reported that a lower pre-operative serum testosterone level might be a possible indicator for successful surgical outcome.
Keywords
Erectile Dysfunction; International Index of Erectile Function; Follicle stimulating hormone; Luteinizing hormone; Oligo-astheno-teratospermia-syndrome
Cite the article
Al-Ali BM, Persad E, Eredics K. Impact of Varicocele and Varicocele Surgery on Semen Quality, Erectile Function, and Serum Hormone Levels. Clin Surg. 2021; 6: 3219..