Surgical Management of Bilateral Persistent Pupillary Membrane

Gang Li, Mao-Lin Tian, Yun-Tao Bing, Hang-Yan Wang, Bin Jiang, Chun-Hui Yuan and Dian- Rong Xiu

Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, People’s Republic of China

^*Correspondance to: Omulecki Wojciech 

 PDF  Full Text DOI: 10.25107/2474-1647.2469

Abstract

Objective: To establish nomograms for Cancer-Specific Survival (CSS) and Overall Survival (OS) of patients with distant metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (pNET).
Materials and Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database were reviewed and the patients with pNET diagnosed between 1973 and 2015 were selected. Variables of demographics and tumor characteristics were obtained. Univariate and Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model were performed in training cohort to obtain the independent factors for CSS and OS. Nomograms for CSS and OS were developed based on the independent factors, and were validated internally and externally.
Results: After excluding unqualified patients, total of 624 cases were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (n=416) and a validation cohort (n=208). Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that age at diagnosis of ≥ 80 years, year of diagnosis, histological grade, and primary site surgery were independent factors both for CSS and OS. The nomograms indicated good accuracy in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival, with a C-index of 0.777 (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.743-0.811) for CSS and 0.772 (95% CI 0.738-0.806) for OS in training cohort. In the validation cohort, the C-index was 0.798 (95% CI 0.755-0.841) for CSS and 0.797 (95% CI 0.753-0.841) for OS. The calibration curves showed satisfactory consistency between predicted and actual survival.
Conclusion: The study establishes excellent prognostic nomograms for CSS and OS for pNET patients with distant metastasis. They can be used to accurately predict survival rate, and provide useful information to physicians and patients.

Keywords

Nomogram; Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor; Discrimination; Calibration

Cite the article

Wojciech O, Maria O. Surgical Management of Bilateral Persistent Pupillary Membrane. Clin Surg. 2019; 4: 2469.