CRISPR-Mediated Genome Editing in the Field of Surgery: Review

Hiroshi Kanno1,2*, Tetsuya Yoshizumi1, Kimihiro Nakahara1, Masamichi Shinonaga1 and Hoi-Sang U2

1Department of Neurosurgery, International University of Health and Welfare Atami Hospital, Atami, Japan
2Division of Neurosurgery, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, University of California San Diego, USA

^*Correspondance to: Hiroshi Kanno 

 PDF  Full Text DOI: 10.25107/2474-1647.2851

Abstract

The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) associated protein 9 (Cas9) genome editing technology represents an exciting area of surgery. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing technology has been extensively applied in various cells and organisms, both in vitro and in vivo, for efficient gene disruption and gene modification. The CRISPR/Cas9 system was described initially in 2012 for gene editing in bacteria and then in human cells, and since then, a number of modifications have improved the efficiency and specificity of gene editing. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology has shown great promise for the cancer treatment, organ transplantation/regeneration, cardiovascular surgery, and neurological surgery. In this review we describe the history, mechanism, limitations and ethical concerns of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing technology, and focus on the potential applications to surgical field such cancer treatment, organ transplantation/regeneration, cardiovascular surgery, and neurological surgery. Clinical studies for surgical filed have been limited because further research is required to verify its safety in patients. Some clinical trials in cancer have opened, and early studies have shown that gene editing may have a particular role in the field of organ transplantation and neu

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Cite the article

Kanno H, Yoshizumi T, Nakahara K, Shinonaga M, Hoi-Sang U. CRISPRMediated Genome Editing in the Field of Surgery: Review. Clin Surg. 2020; 5: 2851..