COVID-19: Is it a SARS-CoV-2-Induced Dysregulated Inflammatory Response?

Pinchera B*, Buonomo AR, Zappulo E, Scotto R, Maraolo AE, Foggia M and Gentile I

Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples \"Federico II\", Italy

^*Correspondance to: Biagio Pinchera 

 PDF  Full Text DOI: 10.25107/2474-1647.3005

Abstract

COVID-19 can present with various clinical manifestations, in particular from mild to severe forms. Most patients have a good prognosis, while a small part develops severe disease. In patients with the most severe form of the disease, usually a week after the onset of symptoms, dyspnea and hypoxemia occur with the evidence of ?ground glass? pneumonia at CT scan. COVID-19 patients show lymphopenia and peculiar anatomopathological changes: The spleen is reduced in size and above all, both the spleen and the lymphnodes show a reduction of both CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ lymphocytes on immunohistochemical tests. Moreover, COVID-19 would appear to be characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response and this condition would be confirmed by the efficacy of some immunomodulatory treatments, such as Tocilizumab and Hydroxychloroquine. But which causes this dysregulated inflammatory response? In light of the alterations found in the SARS-CoV-2 infection and of the same mechanism of action of the virus, it could be hypothesized that the virus interferes directly with the acquired immune response.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Inflammatory response, Innate immune response, Acquired immune response

Cite the article

Pinchera B, Buonomo AR, Zappulo E, Scotto R, Maraolo AE, Foggia M, et al. COVID-19: Is it a SARS-CoV-2- Induced Dysregulated Inflammatory Response?. Clin Surg. 2020; 5: 3005.