Clinical Status of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in Cardiovascular Disease

Miyachi H, Shoji T, Sugiura T, Miyamoto S, Breuer KC and Shinoka T

The Tissue Engineering Program and Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, Nationwide Children’s
Hospital, USA
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, USA

^*Correspondance to: Toshiharu Shinoka 

 PDF  Full Text DOI: 10.25107/2474-1647.1021

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, aortic disease, peripheral vascular disease, and heart failure, contribute to be significant causes of worldwide mortality despite modern advances in medicine and surgery. Current vascular grafts and prosthetic heart valves used to treat CVD have limitations such as the lack of growth capacity and risks of thrombosis, stenosis, and calcification. Similarly, left ventricular (LV) reconstruction surgery can reduce the dilated LV volume after cardiac remodeling, but is incapable of regenerating myocardium. Theoretically, cardiovascular tissue engineering and cardiac regenerative medicine have the potential to address the limitations of current grafts and prosthetic heart valves. An ideal tissue engineered vascular graft (TEVG) and heart valve (TEHV) is thrombus free, easily handled, biocompatible, durable, and maintains mechanical integrity as the scaffold degrades and remodels into native tissue. However, small-diameter (<6 mm) TEVGs have not yet shown clinical effectiveness, and TEHVs still have limitations for clinical use. Cell injection therapies, which induce myocardial regeneration, are promising approaches for myocardial repair. However, the beneficial effects on current cell injection therapies are mainly associated with the secretion of paracrine factors rather than direct differentiation of cardiac cells. Here we will review various advanced devices, approaches, and strategies to address current drawbacks, focusing on current clinical studies and ongoing clinical trials for TEVG, TEHV, and myocardial regeneration based on cardiovascular medicine.

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Cite the article

Miyachi H, Shoji T, Sugiura T, Miyamoto S, Breuer KC, Shinoka T. Clinical Status of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine in Cardiovascular Disease. Clin Surg. 2016; 1: 1021.